PrerequisitesPrerequisite

Solving by completing the square - non-real complex solutions

Use when completing the square leaves a negative right-hand side.

  • First divide by the coefficient of . If the leading term is , divide every term by .
  • Complete the square, then subtract the positive constant from both sides.
  • Use to rewrite a negative number: for example, .
  • Take both square roots, then rearrange to give the two complex solutions.

Example 1

Solve by completing the square. Give both complex solutions.

Halve to get ; subtract its square.Simplify the numerical terms and collect like terms.
Use , so .

Example 2

Solve by completing the square. Give both complex solutions.

Halve to get ; subtract its square.Simplify the numerical terms and collect like terms.
Use , so .

Remember
A negative right-hand side gives no real solutions. Keep fractions exact and include both signs: means and .

Your turn

Question 1

Solve by completing the square. Give both complex solutions.

Check answer
Halve to get ; subtract its square.Simplify the numerical terms and collect like terms.Use , so .
Question 2

Solve by completing the square. Give both complex solutions.

Check answer
Halve to get ; subtract its square.Simplify the numerical terms and collect like terms.Use , so .
Question 3

Solve by completing the square. Give both complex solutions.

Check answer
Halve to get ; subtract its square.Simplify the numerical terms and collect like terms.Use , so .
Question 4

Solve by completing the square. Give both complex solutions.

Check answer
Halve to get ; subtract its square.Simplify the numerical terms and collect like terms.Use , so .
Question 5

Solve by completing the square. Give both complex solutions.

Check answer
Halve to get ; subtract its square.Simplify the numerical terms and collect like terms.Use , so .